个性的such, so及类似用法

作者:刘君 更新时间:2015-02-12 15:23 点击:
【论文发表关健词】【关键词】 such so 特殊用法 类似用法
【职称论文摘要】
such、so的用法比较特殊,是高考英语必考考点之一,体现在词的用法、定语从句、状语从句等诸多方面。本文就such、so的常见用法归纳总结,试图展现其独特的用法及相似的知识点,期望能够达到使学生举一反三、全面掌握之目的。

       在英语语言中,such、so是较为特别的两个词,其用法灵活多样,各种练习中有大量将两者进行对比的题型,还有不少类似such、so用法的词,学生掌握起来有一定的难度。笔者在此将它们列举出来,希望大家经过对比,能够织密这个知识网络,从而能够熟练地应用这些特别的词。
  1. such、so用法
  such为形容词,表示“如此的,那样的”,修饰名词。so为副词,表示“如此地,那样地”,修饰形容词和动词。常见用法如下:
  (1) such+ a/an+ adj.+单数可数名词
  Mary is such a clever girl!
  (2) such+ adj.+复数名词/不可数名词
  Mary has made such rapid progress!
  (3) so+adj./adv. or so+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词
   Mary is so clever a girl!
  (4) 如果名词前面的的形容词为many, much, few, little等表示“多少”的意思时,结构应该是:so+ many/much/few/little+复数名词/不可数名词。
  Mary has made so much progress!
  (5) 当such前有no, some, one等词时就不能再使用冠词, 即:no/any/some/one+ such+单数可数名词。
   No such person exists.
  They want beer, but don’t give them any such thing.
  2. such、so的用法拓展
  (1)  so/such ... that ... 引导的结果状语从句
  Pop music plays such an important part in the society that it has even influenced our language.
  (2)  so/such ... as引导的定语从句
  Pop music plays such an important part in the society as has even influenced our language.
  (3)  在so/as+adj./adv.原级+as构成的比较结构中,若需加名词,则词序为:as+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词+as或者as+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词+as ...。
  She has as sweet a voice as her mother.
  You may try as many times as you like.
  He picked up as much information as he could.
  I don’t have as much time as I would like for visiting my friends.
  3. such、so的类似用法
  (1)  too用作副词时,类似于so:  too+ adj.+ a/an+单数可数名词。
   Mary is too clever a girl!(=Mary is a very clever girl!)
  (2) 在感叹句中,what类似于such,how类似于so。
  What+ a/an+ adj.+单数可数名词+(主语+谓语)!
  What+ adj.+ 复数名词/不可数名词+(主语+谓语)!
  how+many/much/few/little+复数名词/不可数名词+(主语+谓语)!
  how+adj./adv.+ (主语+谓语)!
  how+adj.+a/an+单数可数名词+(主语+谓语)!
  What a beautiful sight it is!
  What fine weather we are having today!
  How important English is!
  How difficult a problem it is!
  (3) whatever,however引导让步状语从句时,结构如下:
  whatever+ a/an +adj.+单数可数名词+主语+谓语+主句;whatever +adj.+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语+主句; however +many/much/few/little+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语+主句;however +adj./adv.+ 主语+谓语+主句;however +adj. +a/an+单数可数名词+主语+谓语+主句。
  However well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.
  However difficult it is, you must work it out.
  Whatever difficulty there is, we must work together.
  语言是灵活的,但也有规律可循。相信了解了规律,加上充足的练习和实际应用,学生一定能够熟练掌握such, so及其类似用法,做到得心应手,准确运用。
  [1] 教育部. 义务教育英语课程标准[M]. 北京: 北京师范大学出版社, 2012.
  [2] 薄冰. 新编英语语法[M]. 北京: 世界知识出版社, 2004.

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